Research Article
The Interplay of Age, Gender, Family History and Sleep Duration with Glycemic Control (HbA1c) in a Prediabetic Cohort: A Baseline Characteristics Analysis
Deepashri CV and Hemalatha MS*
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Karnataka State Open University, Mukthagangothri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
*Corresponding author:Hemalatha MS, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Karnataka State Open University, Mukthagangothri, Mysore, Karnataka, India
Article Information: Submission:15/10/2025; Accepted: 08/11/2025; Published: 11/11/2025
Copyright: ©2025 Deepashri CV, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background: The rising prevalence of prediabetes and its progression to type 2 diabetes is a global health concern. Understanding the factors associated with the severity of prediabetes can help in tailoring interventions.
Objective: To describe the baseline characteristics of a prediabetic cohort and to examine the associations of age and family history of diabetes with glycemic control and anthropometric measures.
Methods: The baseline data was analysed from 499 adults with prediabetes enrolled in a lifestyle intervention study. The means of HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) across age groups and family history categories were compared. The data was subjected to ANOVA and regression analysis to test for significant associations.
Results: The cohort (mean age: 40.5 years, 74.4% male) had a mean HbA1c of 6.0 % and FBS of 99.8 mg/dL. Family history of diabetes (especially maternal and both parents) was associated with higher FBS (p=0.03) and a trend for higher HbA1c (p=0.08). Age was significantly associated with higher FBS (p=0.01), BMI (p=0.04), waist circumference (p<0.01) and WHtR (p<0.01). Central adiposity (WHtR) was a significant predictor of HbA1c in regression analysis.
Conclusion: In this prediabetic cohort, age and family history of diabetes are associated with more severe dysglycemia and adverse anthropometric profiles. Central adiposity is a key modifiable risk factor. These findings highlight the need for early, targeted interventions, especially in individuals with a family history of diabetes and in older adults.
Objective: To describe the baseline characteristics of a prediabetic cohort and to examine the associations of age and family history of diabetes with glycemic control and anthropometric measures.
Methods: The baseline data was analysed from 499 adults with prediabetes enrolled in a lifestyle intervention study. The means of HbA1c, fasting blood sugar (FBS), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) across age groups and family history categories were compared. The data was subjected to ANOVA and regression analysis to test for significant associations.
Results: The cohort (mean age: 40.5 years, 74.4% male) had a mean HbA1c of 6.0 % and FBS of 99.8 mg/dL. Family history of diabetes (especially maternal and both parents) was associated with higher FBS (p=0.03) and a trend for higher HbA1c (p=0.08). Age was significantly associated with higher FBS (p=0.01), BMI (p=0.04), waist circumference (p<0.01) and WHtR (p<0.01). Central adiposity (WHtR) was a significant predictor of HbA1c in regression analysis.
Conclusion: In this prediabetic cohort, age and family history of diabetes are associated with more severe dysglycemia and adverse anthropometric profiles. Central adiposity is a key modifiable risk factor. These findings highlight the need for early, targeted interventions, especially in individuals with a family history of diabetes and in older adults.