Ficus carica, a deciduous shrub, often known as fig, has long been used in traditional medicine across many countries. It is indigenous to the Mediterranean and adjacent regions of Asia, but now, it is grown in all parts of the globe including Africa and the Americas and is appreciated not only for its health benefits but also its value in therapy. Various plant components, such as fruit, leaves, latex and bark have been utilized in treating a wide variety of conditions, such as digestive, skin, lung as well as metabolic diseases. The pharmacological activities of F. carica are associated with the wide range of phytochemicals found in this fruit, including volatile compounds, coumarins, anthocyanins, phenolic acids, and flavonoids. Its conventional assertions have been proved based on scientific research that proved that it has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antimicrobial, anticancer, and even antiplatelet actions. It has also shown effectiveness in reducing fever, cholesterol and as well as blood glucose and was found antispasmodic and antimutagenic. In addition, its extracts have been said to have nematicidal and antitubercular activity. The toxicity studies indicate a large safety margin at therapeutic levels of dosage. Its fruit does not only contain a significant amount of valuable nutrients but also turns out a type of functional food, which is due to the action of bioactive compounds. This is a review of existing information on botanical, phytochemical, pharmacological, and agronomical properties of the Ficus carica. Considering the development of herbal therapeutics, the plant is one of the best that can be explored further. Nevertheless, they require further investigations especially clinical trials to complete the mechanism of action and increase the certainty of their use in medicine today.