Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder that is caused by reduced insulin secretion or insulin resistance. It is of three types but the most common form is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The prevalence of T2DM was estimated 285 million in 2009 by The International Diabetes Federation (IDF), which increased at an alarming rate of 536.6 million in 2021. This review article focused on the researches being done on diabetes complications and the self-management practices used to control them. The studies and government reports that show data on the role of self management practices in preventing the ill eff ects of diabetes were included. Intervention-based studies were excluded. The data was collected from recent researches through several search engines. Indian data on diabetes have been extracted through National Family Health Survey-05 (NFHS-05). The most prevalent complications were found to be acute (hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia) and chronic macro-vascular (heart attack and stroke) and micro-vascular (retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy). According to The American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE), seven self-care behaviours, namely healthy eating, being active, monitoring, taking medicines, problem-solving, healthy coping and reducing risks are key indicators of good glycemic control and preventing diabetes complications. Also, patient-oriented diabetes self-management education (DSME) was found to be equally eff ective. These education programs must target to raise the way of living of diabetic people through healthy eating practices and physical activities; managing body weight, HbA1c and lipid levels; understanding diabetes, keeping track of glucose levels and knowing the importance of compliance with medication; emotional encouragement and terminating the use of alcohol and tobacco.